1. 在 vSphere Client 上直接扩大虚拟机的硬盘空间或者挂载一块新硬盘。
2. 查看当前硬盘空间情况：
[root@ucslab admin]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/vg_ucslab-lv_root
50G 8.8G 38G 19% /
tmpfs 7.8G 88K 7.8G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 30M 430M 7% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_ucslab-lv_home
26G 616M 24G 3% /home
3. 创建新分区并调整分区类型：
[root@ucslab admin]# fdisk /dev/sda
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It’s strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command ‘c’) and change display units to
sectors (command ‘u’).
Command (m for help): p (显示当前分区情况)
Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000e362d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 10444 83373056 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): n (创建新的主分区)
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (10444-65270, default 10444):
Using default value 10444
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (10444-65270, default 65270):
Using default value 65270
Command (m for help): p (显示当前分区情况)
Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000e362d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 10444 83373056 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 10444 65270 440395195 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t (修改分区类型为 Linux LVM, 8e)
Partition number (1-4): 3
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 3 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
建议重启，或使用partprobe刷新硬盘情况。
4. 查看修改后的分区情况：
[root@ucslab admin]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000e362d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 10444 83373056 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 10444 65270 440395195 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/dm-0: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/dm-1: 4227 MB, 4227858432 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 514 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/dm-2: 27.5 GB, 27455913984 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3337 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk /dev/dm-2 doesn’t contain a valid partition table
5. 初始化物理卷：
[root@ucslab admin]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
Physical volume “/dev/sda3” successfully created
6. 添加到卷组：
[root@ucslab admin]# lvm
lvm> vgdisplay
— Volume group —
VG Name vg_ucslab (卷组名称)
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 3
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 79.51 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 20354
Alloc PE / Size 20354 / 79.51 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID 1xZKPs-dWqe-Y8Ca-x885-Czo7-wCA8-gMd5u2
lvm> vgextend /dev/vg_ucslab /dev/sda3
Volume group “vg_ucslab” successfully extended
lvm> vgdisplay
— Volume group —
VG Name vg_ucslab
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 3
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 499.50 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 127872
Alloc PE / Size 20354 / 79.51 GiB
Free PE / Size 107518 / 419.99 GiB
VG UUID 1xZKPs-dWqe-Y8Ca-x885-Czo7-wCA8-gMd5u2
7. 显示逻辑卷情况，并扩展逻辑卷大小，每个逻辑卷扩展200G：
lvm> lvdisplay
— Logical volume —
LV Name /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_root
VG Name vg_ucslab
LV UUID ekSWAJ-Yv5j-E9br-nmyF-jNtV-PXGb-LpxdDt
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 50.00 GiB
Current LE 12800
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
– currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
— Logical volume —
LV Name /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_home
VG Name vg_ucslab
LV UUID cNeSMR-eddd-noQx-nMpq-pf1i-g3Qu-DEEt2M
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 25.57 GiB
Current LE 6546
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
– currently set to 256
Block device 253:2
— Logical volume —
LV Name /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_swap
VG Name vg_ucslab
LV UUID DxN0XW-2g7D-ffle-zYme-yH4O-Ntbv-llAxPY
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 3.94 GiB
Current LE 1008
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
– currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
lvm> lvextend -L +200G /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_root
Extending logical volume lv_root to 250.00 GiB
Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
lvm> lvextend -L +200G /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_home
Extending logical volume lv_home to 225.57 GiB
Logical volume lv_home successfully resized
lvm> quit
Exiting.
8. 修改文件系统实现扩容：
[root@ucslab admin]# resize2fs -p /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_root （CentOS6使用resize2fs）
[root@ucslab admin]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_root （CentOS7使用xfs_growfs）
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 16
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_root to 65536000 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_root is now 65536000 blocks long.
[root@ucslab admin]# resize2fs -p /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_home
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_home is mounted on /home; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 15
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_home to 59131904 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg_ucslab/lv_home is now 59131904 blocks long.
另外，可以使用e2fsck -f 命令验证。
9. 扩容完成：
[admin@ucslab ~]$ df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/vg_ucslab-lv_root
247G 8.8G 225G 4% /
tmpfs 7.8G 88K 7.8G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 30M 430M 7% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_ucslab-lv_home
223G 632M 211G 1% /home